Sunday, July 19, 2015

Module 3 Reflection



There were a couple of things that struck me with the Module 3 reading, especially as I was actually using Web 2.0 tools for my presentation, and as a matter of full disclosure, let me preface this entry by saying that I will be developing an online class for educators on the use of such tools for this course.
The first was how closely Ko and Rossen’s presentation in Chapter 9 actually mirrored the syllabus that I had created for my own course. I’ll admit to writing the syllabus for my own course three weeks before I actually purchased the book. Given that this course is presented in a 7 week format, I wanted to get a jump on things, and as I knew that some sort of online course would be required, I decided to pursue a Multimedia Tools for Educators course. As you can see from the attached syllabus, my syllabus and their discussion in Chapter 9 are very similar. The one point at which we differ is that the authors discuss creating a web page first and images second, and I address graphics first. The reason for this, I believe, is the way we approach creating a web page.
During my undergraduate education, I took a course in computer graphics. At the time, I thought it would be one of those courses where I would get any easy A and learn very little. I was half right. I did get the A, but the instructor taught me something that has been invaluable going forward. I intend on passing on this knowledge. The instructor had us create something he called a “web treatment.” That is to say that he had us create a graphical representation of a web page. To the layperson, this may not seem entirely useful. After all, graphics don’t have dynamic content and can’t be linked to other pages, but what he did then, in my mind, was pure genius. He required us to split our graphical representation into different blocks and then use those blocks to create the web page using the <div> tag in HTML.
Here’s why this was a stroke of genius. All too often, novice web designers create their web pages as backgrounds with pasted pictures, much like a scrapbook. Creating the template first, allows the designer to break down their page into its component parts and then, if necessary, use javascript to manipulate those parts as required. There is much more I wish to say about this, but I’ll leave it for my course. Suffice to say that, like the Ko and Rossen, I believe it’s incredibly important that an educator understand the nuts and bolts of HTML before they move on to other Web 2.0 tools. One other area in which we differ is in the use of WYSIWYG tools. I’m not a fan. I may be old fashioned, but I still hand code each web page I create. It’s a bit more time consuming, but I believe it adds a bit of elegance that page mills can’t recreate.
The other thing that struck me about Chapter 9 was the author’s discussion of scripted versus unscripted content. Again, I fear, we disagree. Obviously things such as introductions should remain unscripted. The last thing that any learner wants to see is a teacher presenting themselves using cue cards. That being said, I feel that all presentations should be scripted and edited prior to being utilized as an audio track. Ko and Rossen liken the unscripted audio to a classroom presentation. They overlook one important factor. In the classroom environment, the instructor reacts to both verbal and non-verbal feedback, which would not be present when the instructor is recording the audio for a presentation. It has been my experience that an instructor who sits down at a microphone with the intent to ad lib will inevitably end up rambling thus reducing the effectiveness of the presentation. This is not to say that a script should be just read. An effective instructor starts the recording process with an aural picture (how’s that for an oxymoron) of what the lesson will sound like. With audio and video presentations, it is imperative that the instructor see themselves as an actor addressing an audience. They should attempt to visualize their students in front of them in order to add the proper degree of inflection. Utilizing such tools results in both interesting and entertaining presentations.
Lastly, where the text and I absolutely agree is the need for students to create their own content. Far too often in multimedia courses, the instructor demonstrates and the learner replicates. There are two things wrong with this approach.
Students tend to approach learning with what I like to call a math-centric approach. They desperately search for the one correct answer and every other answer out there is wrong. I honestly believe that this is what sparked the inclusion of rubrics for every activity under the sun. I’m going to veer off on a tangent here, but it is something I have wanted to express for quite a long time. My wife is English and was raise in the English school system. After moving to the United States and attending a large U.S. university, she spent 6 months in her homeland as a student abroad with her American peers. She has repeatedly related to me the frustration of her UK professors at the penchant for U.S. students to parrot the classroom lectures and cite experts in their academic work. This is a weakness, I feel, in the American education system. Far too often, students are looking for what the professor wants rather than what they themselves feel. To be sure, all statements should be supported by facts, but as an instructor, I want to know what the students know. I want to see how they can apply the tools I’ve given them in fun and interesting ways. I do not want to see a carbon copy of my lesson demonstration. Wow me, make me think, make me laugh. To me, that is the advantage that Web 2.0 tools give educators. Expression and knowledge transfer is no longer confined to the written word and a whiteboard. There are infinite possibilities for both teachers and learners to explore.
The second thing wrong with the demonstrate/replicate models is that, quite simply, it sucks the fun out of learning. For adults, learning should be both meaningful and fun. Adults in a classroom environment are investing one of their most precious commodities, their time. They are taking time away from their families or their jobs in order to participate in a class. At the very least, the class should provide something they can take away, but equally as important is the fact that it should be enjoyable. Students should be presented with opportunities to have fun while they learn. Adults are almost constantly confronted with serious situations, family issues, job obstacles. As an instructor of adult learners, I believe the classroom should present an environment where they can decompress and truly enjoy what they do.
Finally, what I’ve come away with this week is the knowledge that the course that I will be developing in this class is entirely marketable as an undergraduate offering. The fact that the authors discuss quite a few of the tools that I would introduce in the course lets me know that I’m on the right track. Additionally, the comments I received from my peers on my discussion this week shows me that there is a desire to delve into the workings of these Web 2.0 tools beyond a simple highlighting in a text book. 

Friday, July 3, 2015

What is involved in designing effective online course?


Effective online courses begin even before the learners make their foray into the virtual classroom. The teacher should ensure that the class materials are active and free of typographical errors and broken links. As a student, nothing frustrates me more than spelling and grammatical errors in class material. I expect someone with an advanced degree to be able to proofread and correct any mistakes. At the very least, all material should pass a spell checker test. The other thing that frustrates me is broken links. I realize that material on the internet is constantly changing, but again, I would, as an instructor verify that each link posted leads to the intended material. If I would do it then I would expect those responsible for educating me would do the same. In short, the teacher should virtually take the class before teaching it. Well written material and working links are key in making a good first impression on the student when they arrive in class. It’s the equivalent to a clean classroom and well-constructed bulletin board when students arrive on the first day of school. As the saying goes, one never gets a second chance to make a good first impression.

Along those lines, an effective online class is both visually appealing and easily navigable. Upon logging on for the first time, the student should know which class they are taking and how to navigate their way through virtual classroom. There also should be more than one way provided to navigate to a specific area such that the student need not use the browser’s back button to get to where they want to be. The expanding navigation bar provided by Moodle represents a perfect example of this concept. Using this navigation bar allows the student to step backwards in the virtual classroom avoiding endless mouse clicks. Along these lines, examples and links should open in a separate browser window. Failure to do this forces the student into using the back button to return to the class.
 
Once the student’s check into the class, the next key ingredient for an effective online class is the professorial introduction. As stated in my posted discussion, I believe it is imperative that the instructor welcome the class with a video introduction rather than an audio or worse yet, a Voki greeting. Students should know who will be teaching them throughout the semester. A video greeting allows the students to visualize the instructor as they progress through the lessons. The instructor should use this greeting to engage the students and in turn encourage the students to engage with each other. Inter-student communication and relationships play a vital role in any successful online course. While most every course starts with the students introducing themselves, the instructor can help break the ice by adding a pointed question wholly unrelated to the course. This type of activity takes the student away from the classroom environment and puts them in a more personal space where their responses are more revealing. 

The role of the instructor comes to the fore as the class progresses. The instructor should be omnipresent throughout the semester. An effective online course is one in which the instructor responds to questions in a matter of hours and not days. Quite often, the learner simply needs clarification on a certain point. The instructor should be there to immediately provide that clarification. It is important to remember that adult learners are balancing life with school. They may only have an hour or two each day to devote to their studies. A late response by an instructor may result in that student missing an entire day’s worth of work, making it difficult to complete assignments in the allotted time. An effective instructor’s email should be tied to their cell phone. Responses need not be lengthy but they should be timely.

Lastly, of course, is the content of the class itself. Preparation and interaction mean nothing if the class does not both teach and challenge the students. When developing content, the instructor must strike a balance. Activities should present opportunities for the students to demonstrate what they have learned, while at the same time allowing them to apply their own creativity to the activity to make it their own. All too often, online instructors rely on the written word for student evaluation. To be sure, the ability to construct a well written paper is vitally important, but this should not be the only means of evaluation. Activities should be varied and enjoyable, encouraging the student to learn. 

In the last 10 years, technology has evolved to support 24/7 learning. Educators must take advantage of this opportunity. The most effective online classes make good use of this technology, providing their learners with invigoration and enlightening experiences. Educational Technology has become a necessity rather than a nicety. More and more society is turning to the internet for learning. The success of You Tube cannot be attributed to an overpopulation of cute kitten videos. People are using it as a tool to both transmit and receive knowledge. Distance education continues to grow. To sustain that growth, the courses for online learning must be both entertaining and effective.


Important Concepts

The central concept in any online course should be a supportive course environment. Every other concept should be used to buttress this precept. The primary caretakers of this environment are the engaged students and the instructor. As noted in the diagram, the instructor should be omnipresent. The course is available to students 24/7. The instructor, to the best of their ability, should be as well. Both these caretakers play a vital role in the success of the course. Without either, the course will fail. The roles each play in the success of the course is delineated by the colors on the concept map. The instructor designs and constructs the class. They provide the materials, set expectations via the syllabus and rubrics and ensure that the course is easy and intuitive to navigate. The content should be germane to the activities the students will be performing and should enable each student to meet the expectations. The role of the engaged student is that of a participant. If the instructor is the playground builder, the students are the children who play in the playground and use it to expand their horizons. They bring their individual creativity to the table and use it as they take part in both discussions and class activities. Additionally, about 4 weeks into the class, the instructor should solicit feedback, taking the pulse of the class in the process. This leaves enough time to implement any changes or improvements required. Metaphorically, I see the instructor and the students as silkworms, creating a cocoon for learning and thus allowing the students to grow and mature safely.